Under the slogan "Revolution in Liberty", the Frei administration embarked on far-reaching social and economic programs, particularly in education, housing, and agrarian reform, including rural unionization of agricultural workers. Se on tehnyt yli 25 kansainvälistä tai kahdenvälistä vapaakauppasopimusta, joiden vaikutusalue kattaa noin 95 prosenttia kaupasta. Chile currently utilizes 14,015 Hectares of agricultural land. [23], Stone tool evidence indicates humans sporadically frequented the Monte Verde valley area as long as 18,500 years ago. [168] Using the relative yardstick favoured in many European countries, 27% of Chileans would be poor, according to Juan Carlos Feres of the ECLAC. Although the Spanish did not find the extensive gold and silver they sought, they recognized the agricultural potential of Chile's central valley, and Chile became part of the Spanish Empire. [14] Chilessä on 22 kansallispuistoa. Most answered "White" (59%), while 25% said "Mestizo" and 8% self-classified as "indigenous". The creation of two new regions in 2007, Arica and Parinacota (XV) and Los Ríos (XIV), and a third region in 2018, Ñuble (XVI) made this numbering lose its original order meaning. In unserem Chile Reisebericht berichten wir über Sehenswürdigkeiten, ihre beste Reisezeit und geben Tipps zur Anreise und den Unterkünften. Patagoniassa Etelä-Chilessä ilmasto muistuttaa paljon pohjoiseurooppalaista lauhkeine kesineen ja lumisine talvineen. Now agriculture and allied sectors like forestry, logging and fishing account for only 4.9% of the GDP as of 2007[update] and employ 13.6% of the country's labor force. [26][80], Air Force General (four star) Jorge Rojas Ávila heads the 12,500 strong Chilean Air Force. Siellä on monia lumisia huippuja, syviä laaksoja ja jyrkkiä rinteitä. The highest point of the Coastal Range is Vicuña Mackenna, at 3114 meters, located in the Sierra Vicuña Mackenna, the south of Antofagasta. If one considers only mainland territory, Chile is unique within this group in its narrowness from east to west, with the other long north–south countries (including Brazil, Russia, Canada, and the United States, among others) all being wider from east to west by a factor of more than 10. [26], The Armed Forces of Chile are subject to civilian control exercised by the president through the Minister of Defense. Registration is reported to be simple and transparent, and foreign investors are guaranteed access to the official foreign exchange market to repatriate their profits and capital. The true total number of fungal species occurring in Chile is likely to be far higher, given the generally accepted estimate that only about 7 percent of all fungi worldwide have so far been discovered. Aufgrund des kalten Humboldtstroms an der Pazifikküste ist Chile nicht gerade ein typisches Ziel für Strandurlauber – es sei denn, man stört sich nicht an den niedrigen Temperaturen des kühlen Nass. [2] Perustuslakikysymyksiä varten on olemassa erillinen Perustuslakituomioistuin, joka voi myös kumota muita lakeja, jos ne ovat perustuslain vastaisia. Alueet jakautuvat edelleen maakuntiin (esp. [164] 14% of central government revenue came directly from copper in 2012. This includes Chilote mythology, Rapa Nui mythology and Mapuche mythology. [161] According to a 2012 database of the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), 61.42% of the Chilean population uses the internet, making Chile the country with the highest internet penetration in South America. Film production originated in Valparaíso on 26 May 1902 with the premiere of the documentary Exercise General Fire Brigade, the first film completely filmed and processed in the country. [98], Just over 3,000 species of fungi are recorded in Chile,[99][100] but this number is far from complete. Maan talous perustuu kaivoksiin, etenkin kupariin. [11] Patagonian suurin puu on sypressikasveihin kuuluva uhanalainen patagoniansypressi, joka voi kasvaa 60 metriä korkeaksi ja elää 3 000 vuotta vanhaksi. Rodeo is the country's national sport and is practiced in the more rural areas of the nation. After the Spanish invasion, Spanish took over as the lingua franca and the indigenous languages have become minority languages, with some now extinct or close to extinction.[147]. [6] Se on pohjois-eteläsuunnassa maailman pisin valtio. Chile is one of South America's most stable and prosperous nations,[10] leading Latin American nations in human development, competitiveness, globalization, economic freedom, and low perception of corruption. Chilean cuisine is a reflection of the country's topographical variety, featuring an assortment of seafood, beef, fruits, and vegetables. The 1964 presidential election of Christian Democrat Eduardo Frei Montalva by an absolute majority initiated a period of major reform. Järistyksessä kuoli satoja ihmisiä, noin puoli miljoonaa rakennusta tuhoutui ja noin kaksi miljoonaa ihmistä joutui avun tarpeeseen. Der Norden Chiles und die Atacamawüste. The Andes, split in two and whose eastern arm runs Bolivia, has a high altitude and volcanic activity, which has allowed the formation of the Andean altiplano and salt structures as the Salar de Atacama, due to the gradual accumulation of sediments over time. There are various theories about the origin of the word Chile. [13], Chilestä on Unescon maailmanperintöluettelossa viisi kulttuurikohdetta: Chiloén kirkot, Humberstonen ja Santa Lauran salpietaritehtaat, Rapa Nuin kansallispuisto Pääsiäissaarella, Sewellin kaivoskaupunki ja Valparaíson historiallinen kortteli. The main attractions for tourists are places of natural beauty situated in the extreme zones of the country: San Pedro de Atacama, in the north, is very popular with foreign tourists who arrive to admire the Incaic architecture, the altiplano lakes, and the Valley of the Moon. Muita tärkeitä satamia on San Antoniossa, Antofagastassa, Aricassa ja Talcahuanossa. Zu sehen sind außerdem die schrulligen Sammlungen von Buntglas, Muscheln und Seefahrtinstrumenten des großen Dichters. Andien reunavuoristossa kasvavat Laurelia philippiana, podokarpuskasveihin kuuluva havupuu prinssinkuusi (Saxegothaea conspicua) ja Luma apiculata. The main football clubs are Colo-Colo, Universidad de Chile and Universidad Católica. [124] Between 1851 and 1924, Chile only received 0.5% of European immigration to Latin America, compared to 46% to Argentina, 33% to Brazil, 14% to Cuba, and 4% to Uruguay. [38] maassa on useita lentoyhtiöitä, joista suurin on LATAM. In continental Chile, the Atacama Desert in the north and the Andes mountains to the east are barriers that have led to the isolation of flora and fauna. provincia), joita on yhteensä 53,[36] ja ne edelleen kuntoon. Das Klima ist mediterran mit warmen Sommern. To the south, the Cordillera de la Costa reappears in the range of Nahuelbuta while glacial sediments originate a series of lakes in the area of La Frontera. 200 Stationen in der ganzen Stadt unterhält. Der wichtigste Fluss der Gemeinde ist der Río Perquilauquén. [57] Chilestä ovat kirjoittaneet myös Nobel-palkittu kolumbialainen Gabriel García Márquez teoksen ”Miguel Littinin maanalainen seikkailu Chilessä”, sekä tanssija Joan Jara miehestään, muusikko Víctor Jarasta. Talouden kehittyessä maan köyhyysaste on myös selvästi pienentynyt: Vuonna 1990 Tuloköyhyys 29,1 prosenttia ja vuonna 2017 enää 8,6 prosenttia. [37][43], A military coup overthrew Allende on 11 September 1973. [181] The bus system covers the entire country, from Arica to Santiago (a 30-hour journey) and from Santiago to Punta Arenas (about 40 hours, with a change at Osorno). The central valley is characterized by several species of cacti, the hardy espinos, the Chilean pine, the southern beeches and the copihue, a red bell-shaped flower that is Chile's national flower. [2], Lainsäädäntövaltaa käyttää kaksikamarinen kansalliskongressi (esp. [160] Codelco, the state mining firm, competes with private copper mining companies. On the slopes of the Andes, in addition to the scattered tola desert brush, grasses are found. Maa vakautui jälleen vuonna 1833. Chile also took delivery in 2007 of a number of reconditioned Block 15 F-16s from the Netherlands, bringing to 18 the total of F-16s purchased from the Dutch. [citation needed] Pichilemu in the O'Higgins Region is widely known as South America's "best surfing spot" according to Fodor's. Vuosina 2010–2014 talouskasvu oli peräti 5,3 prosenttia, mutta sen jälkeen kasvu hidastui, kun kuparin hinta laski ja kysyntä väheni. Chile ist ein Land in Südamerika. Those ships are based in Valparaíso. The Andes mountain range loses height and erosion caused by the action of glaciers has caused fjords. Lait on hyväksyttävä molemmissa kamareissa, ennen kuin tasavallan presidentti hyväksyy ne. Maa on saavuttanut 13 olympiamitalia. [160], Sound economic policies, maintained consistently since the 1980s, have contributed to steady economic growth in Chile and have more than halved poverty rates. The war dissolved the confederation while distributing power in the Pacific. Hier finden Sie eine Liste der Top 10 Sehenswürdigkeiten von Chile! [26] Faced with an international economic downturn the government announced an economic stimulus plan to spur employment and growth, and despite the global financial crisis, aimed for an expansion of between 2 percent and 3 percent of GDP for 2009. [6] Chilessä on tunnetun historian aikana tapahtunut lukuisia maanjäristyksiä, joista 1900-luvun puolivälin jälkeen suurimpia ovat olleet Suuri Chilen maanjäristys vuonna 1960, Santiagon maanjäristys 1985 ja Chilen maanjäristys 2010.lähde? Chilellä on myös olympiapronssia vuodelta 2000. The Diocese of Concepción conducted a census in areas south of the Maule river in 1812, but did not include the indigenous population or the inhabitants of the province of Chiloé. As a result of the War of the Pacific with Peru and Bolivia (1879–83), Chile expanded its territory northward by almost one-third, eliminating Bolivia's access to the Pacific, and acquired valuable nitrate deposits, the exploitation of which led to an era of national affluence. Administrativ wird das Land in fünfzehn durchnummerierte Regionen eingeteilt, die Osterinsel zählt so zur Región de Valparaíso, liegt jedoch tausende Kilometer weit im Pazifik und lässt sich kulturell grundlegend vom Festland unterscheiden. Ushuaia. [24] About 10,000 years ago, migrating Indigenous Peoples settled in fertile valleys and coastal areas of what is present-day Chile. In Chile, education begins with preschool until the age of 5. Eteläisillä merillä nähdään valaita. Of the fleet of 29 surface vessels, only eight are operational major combatants (frigates). Niistä suosituin on vasemmistoblokki Frente Amplio, joka syntyi vuoden 2011 opiskelijaliikkeen pohjalta. Reunavuoriston eteläosassa kasvaa myös araukarioita ja lehtikuusia. That the Chilean population was largely formed in a small section at the center of the country and then migrated in modest numbers to the north and south helps explain this relative lack of differentiation, which was maintained by the national reach of radio, and now television, which also helps to diffuse and homogenize colloquial expressions. [32] Puolet senaatin jäsenistä valitaan neljän vuoden välein kahdeksanvuotisille kaudelle. D'Republik Chile (República de Chile) ass en onofhängege Staat am Südweste vu Südamerika.D'Haaptstad ass Santiago de Chile.. D'Land grenzt am Norden un de Peru, am Westen un de Pazifik, am Süden un de Paso Drake, am Nordosten u Bolivien an am Osten un Argentinien.Zum Chile gehéieren nach verschidden Inselen am Pazifik, wéi den Archipel Juan Fernández an d'Ouschterinsel … Also controlled but only temporarily inhabited (by some local fishermen) are the small islands of San Ambrosio and San Felix. However, this latter claim is suspended under the terms of the Antarctic Treaty, of which Chile is a signatory. Due to term limits, Sebastián Piñera did not stand for re-election in 2013, and his term expired in March 2014 resulting in Michelle Bachelet returning to office. Chile has a telecommunication system which covers much of the country, including Chilean insular and Antarctic bases. [164] The percentage of Chileans with per capita household incomes below the poverty line—defined as twice the cost of satisfying a person's minimal nutritional needs—fell from 45.1 percent in 1987 to 11.5 percent in 2009, according to government surveys. Maan keskiosan laaksossa elää enemmän eläinlajeja, kuten kettuja, puumia ja jyrsijöitä. In 1999 the Cultural Heritage Day was established as a way to honour and commemorate Chile's cultural heritage. [35][page needed] Much of the banking sector was nationalized. [158] In 2006, Chile became the country with the highest nominal GDP per capita in Latin America. [134][135] According to the 2002 national census, Chile's foreign-born population has increased by 75% since 1992.[136]. Tältä yli 3 350 kilometriä pitkältä tieltä lähtee useita valtateitä tärkeimpiin kaupunkeihin. Chile's congressional elections are governed by a binomial system that, for the most part, rewards the two largest representations equally, often regardless of their relative popular support. Da Chile auch einen Teil der Antarktis für sich beansprucht, erstreckt sich sein Territorium über drei Kontin… Privatization of the telephone system began in 1988; Chile has one of the most advanced telecommunications infrastructure in South America with a modern system based on extensive microwave radio relay facilities and domestic satellite system with 3 earth stations. With the return of democratic government, the police were placed under the operational control of the Interior Ministry but remained under the nominal control of the Defense Ministry. A second international war, the War of the Pacific (1879–83), further increased Chile's regional role, while adding considerably to its territory. In December 1993, Christian Democrat Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle, the son of previous president Eduardo Frei Montalva, led the Concertación coalition to victory with an absolute majority of votes (58%). [160] Escondida is the largest copper mine in the world, producing over 5% of global supplies. From the period between early agricultural settlements and up to the late pre-Hispanic period, northern Chile was a region of Andean culture that was influenced by altiplano traditions spreading to the coastal valleys of the north, while southern regions were areas of Mapuche cultural activities. Siinä esitetään miehen kosiskelua ja naisen piileskelyä somasti nenäliinan takana. The diverse climate of Chile ranges from the world's driest desert in the north—the Atacama Desert—through a Mediterranean climate in the center, humid subtropical in Easter Island, to an oceanic climate, including alpine tundra and glaciers in the east and south. Toward the end of the 19th century, the government in Santiago consolidated its position in the south by the Occupation of Araucanía. Concepción is the second largest city of Chile with a population of almost 227,000 (out of Concepción province's 946,000) as of 2016. Properties inscribed on the World Heritage List, Tausta: Chilen presidentti väistyy huippusuosittuna, Michelle Bachelet sworn in as Chile's president, Miljardööri Sebastian Piñera palaa Chilen presidentiksi, Chile: Administration And Social Conditions, The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2018, Hydropower Plans Paddle On Against the Current, Epidemiological Fact Sheet on HIV and AIDS Chile 2008, Murdered Chilean folk singer laid to rest after 36 years, Etelä-Georgia ja Eteläiset Sandwichsaaret, https://fi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chile&oldid=19577720, Kotoistettuja päivämääriä sisältävät artikkelit, Artikkelit, joissa on vanhentuneita linkkejä, Sivut, jotka käyttävät ISBN-taikalinkkejä, Small-elementtiä käyttämättömät tarkenteelliset tietolaatikot, 18 de Septiembre (por Primera Junta de Gobierno), Día de la Religión Evangélica (Protestante). The political revolt brought little social change, however, and 19th-century Chilean society preserved the essence of the stratified colonial social structure, which was greatly influenced by family politics and the Roman Catholic Church. Pääsatama on Valparaísossa. Unvergesslich werden aber die Eindrücke am Bord des Katamarans, der zweimal pro Tag ablegt. Chile's total primary energy supply (TPES) was 36.10 Mtoe in 2014. Seine neoklassizistischen Fassaden und majestätischen Kolonialbauten sind ein absoluter Hingucker und bieten den idealen Start für Sehenswürdigkeiten … [38], Andien ja rannikkovuorten välisessä laaksossa viljellään maata. [7], Chilen keski- ja pohjoisosassa Nazcan laatta työntyy Etelä-Amerikan alle, mikä tekee alueen maanjäristysherkäksi. but Wesleyan, Lutheran, Anglican, Episcopalian, Presbyterian, other Reformed, Baptist, and Methodist churches also are present amongst Chilean Evangelical churches. Colo-Colo is the country's most successful football club, having both the most national and international championships, including the coveted Copa Libertadores South American club tournament. Valparaison suurkaupunkialue on kuitenkin maan toiseksi suurin taajama-alue yli 800 000 asukkaallaan. Rannikkovuoriston huiput kohoavat harvoin yli kahteen kilometriin. ", "Latin American Herald Tribune – Isabel Allende Named to Council of Cervantes Institute", http://164.100.47.193/Ebooks/Writereaddate/52_2017.pdf, "The strongest National League in the World 2011", World Bank Summary Trade Statistics Chile, Countries and dependencies of South America, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Secretariat for Multidimensional Security, Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance, American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man, Initiative for Infrastructure Integration of South America, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), Convention on the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chile&oldid=1010305470, States and territories established in 1818, Spanish-speaking countries and territories, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from July 2013, Articles with dead external links from March 2018, Articles with permanently dead external links, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Articles with dead external links from May 2016, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles containing Mapudungun-language text, Articles containing Quechua-language text, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from September 2010, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2012, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from April 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2019, Articles containing potentially dated statements from November 2012, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from May 2014, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2007, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2014, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with multiple identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. [61], Chile achieved global recognition for the successful rescue of 33 trapped miners in 2010. It is an official national event celebrated in May every year. [19], Espanjan valta-asema Chilessä heikkeni ratkaisevasti Napoleonin sotien aikana 1800-luvun alussa. [19] Maa julistautui itsenäiseksi 12. helmikuuta 1818, ja Bernardo O’Higginsistä tuli sen ensimmäinen valtionpäämies. In the mid-1960s native musical forms were revitalized by the Parra family with the Nueva canción Chilena, which was associated with political activists and reformers such as Víctor Jara, Inti-Illimani, and Quilapayún. All six have been judged free and fair. Chile has the highest degree of economic freedom in South America (ranking 7th worldwide), owing to its independent and efficient judicial system and prudent public finance management. Its headquarters are in Santiago and decentralized public service is conducted by various Regional Offices. [12], Pohjoisosassa on Atacaman aavikon lisäksi 3 500 metrin yläpuolella alue, johon ulottuu Bolivian trooppinen ilmasto. [12] Since July 2013, Chile is considered by the World Bank as a "high-income economy".[154][155][156]. Capitala statului se află la Santiago de Chile … Kirjassa Jara käsittelee Chilen kulttuurielämää Allenden kauden aikana. The measure was passed unanimously by Congress. Dafür gibt es Bike Santiago , den städtischen Fahrradverleih , der über 2000 Fahrräder mit ca. Soon after, the country engaged in a vastly expensive naval arms race with Argentina that nearly led to war. Another internationally recognized Chilean novelist and poet is Roberto Bolaño whose translations into English have had an excellent reception from the critics.[195][196][197]. [175], Agriculture in Chile encompasses a wide range of different activities due to its particular geography, climate and geology and human factors. Copper mining makes up 20% of Chilean GDP and 60% of exports. Intermittent warfare continued until 1817. [10] Viljellyissä metsissä kasvatetaan paljon montereynmäntyä ja eukalyptusta. [26], The commander-in-chief of the Chilean Army is Army General Ricardo Martínez Menanteau. Many enterprises within the copper, coal, iron, nitrate, and steel industries were expropriated, nationalized, or subjected to state intervention. The national flower is the copihue (Lapageria rosea, Chilean bellflower), which grows in the woods of southern Chile. It is funded by the public. Chile, officielt Republikken Chile (spansk: República de Chile), er et land i Sydamerika.Chile er klemt inde mellem Andesbjergene i øst og Stillehavet i vest. However, the Roman Catholic church for mostly historical and social reasons enjoys a privileged status and occasionally receives preferential treatment. The cold temperatures and winds of the extreme south preclude heavy forestation. A Chilean court decision in November 2009 considered to be a landmark ruling on indigenous rights and made use of the convention. [139] Recently, the government declared 31 October, Reformation Day, to be an additional national holiday, in honor of the Evangelical churches of the country. Einheimische sind da eher hartgesotten und man sieht sogar einige von ihnen im Winter ein Bad im Pazi… 02.03.2021 Top Chile Sehenswürdigkeiten: Hier finden Sie 2.018.702 Bewertungen und Fotos von Reisenden über 5.762 Sehenswürdigkeiten, Touren und Ausflüge - alle Chile Aktivitäten auf einen Blick. Whales are abundant, and some six species of seals are found in the area.[95]. Chile lässt sich mit seinen 4300 Kilometern Länge gut nach landschaftlichen und klimatischen Faktoren in verschiedene Regionen von Norden nach Süden unterteilen. Epätasa-arvo on silti edelleen suurta, eikä gini-kerroin ole juurikaan pienentynyt. Chile is currently serving on the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Board of Governors, and the 2007–2008 chair of the board is Chile's ambassador to the IAEA, Milenko E. Skoknic. Senado) ja alahuone edustajainhuone (esp. [26], Standard & Poor's gives Chile a credit rating of AA-. More than 500 people died (most from the ensuing tsunami) and over a million people lost their homes. "Flora Fungosa Chilena". 9. Pohjoisen kuivilla alueilla kasvaa Prosopis-sukuun kuuluvia tamarugoja ja johanneksenleipäpuita. [clarification needed] Accent varies only very slightly from north to south; more noticeable are the differences in accent based on social class or whether one lives in the city or the country. By 1967, however, Frei encountered increasing opposition from leftists, who charged that his reforms were inadequate, and from conservatives, who found them excessive. [15][16] Another theory points to the similarity of the valley of the Aconcagua with that of the Casma Valley in Peru, where there was a town and valley named Chili. [163] Real GDP growth in 2012 was 5.5%. [76] This conflict was caused by the mineral resources Chile had, Peruvians believed they belonged to them as well. Violeta Parra ja Victor Jara ovat tuon laululiikkeen kansainvälisesti tunnettuja edustajia. [30] Chile on presidenttijohtoinen tasavalta, ja presidentti on sekä valtionpäämies että hallituksen päämies. Chile hat eine der vielfältigsten Landschaften der Welt und wird allmählich zu einem beliebten Reiseziel für Abenteuerlustige und Naturliebhaber. Approximately 90% of Evangelical Christians are Pentecostal. [103] In the high valleys, wetland areas generate Chungará Lake, located at 4500 meters above sea level. Skiing and snowboarding are practiced at ski centers located in the Central Andes, and in southern ski centers near to cities as Osorno, Puerto Varas, Temuco and Punta Arenas. Der Stadtberg Cerro San Cristobal ist bei schönem Wetter ein absolutes Muss, denn es ist DIE Sehenswürdigkeit innerhalb der Millionen Stadt Santiago. A sport similar to hockey called chueca was played by the Mapuche people during the Spanish conquest. Chile completed a 2-year non-permanent position on the UN Security Council in January 2005. Only those that practiced their native culture or spoke their native language were considered to be Natives, irrespective of their "racial purity". (Antofagasta), Carriel Sur International Airport (Concepción), El Tepual International Airport (Puerto Montt), Presidente Carlos Ibáñez del Campo International Airport (Punta Arenas), La Araucanía International Airport (Temuco), Mataveri International Airport (Easter Island), the most remote airport in the world, as defined by distance to another airport, and the Comodoro Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport (Santiago) with a traffic of 12,105,524 passengers in 2011. Chile is located along a highly seismic and volcanic zone, part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, due to the subduction of the Nazca and Antarctic plates in the South American plate. [48], Chile suunnittelee vesivoiman hyödyntämisen laajamittaista lisäämistä ympäristöjärjestöjen vastustuksesta huolimatta. [118] Most of the indigenous population shows varying degrees of mixed ancestry. [45] Muita vientituotteita ovat hedelmät, viinit, kalatuotteet, paperi, sellu ja kemikaalit. [122] The Amerindian population of central Chile was absorbed into the Spanish settler population in the beginning of the colonial period to form the large mestizo population that exists in Chile today; mestizos create modern middle and lower classes. However, the Civil War had also been a contest between those who favored the development of local industries and powerful Chilean banking interests, particularly the House of Edwards who had strong ties to foreign investors. [162] The Chilean economy finished 2004 with growth of 6 percent. Chilessä toimii 25 julkista ja yli 50 yksityistä yliopistoa. Chile oli vuonna 2011 maailman viidenneksi suurin viininviejämaa. [173] Internal Government of Chile figures show that even when factoring out inflation and the recent high price of copper, bilateral trade between the U.S. and Chile has grown over 60 percent since then. [25] Yritysten kansallistamiset peruttiin ja talouspolitiikassa käännyttiin vapaan markkinatalouden suuntaan. They commonly extend from the Andes to the Pacific Ocean, flowing in an East to West. Patagoniassa kulkevat guanakot, puumat, ketut ja nandut. Production fell and unemployment rose. Tärkeimmät viljelyskasvit ovat vehnä, sokerijuurikas, maissi, sipulit, pavut, hedelmät ja viinirypäleet. In June 2005, Chile completed a nationwide overhaul of its criminal justice system. Poikkeuksena on Santiagon alue, jonka merkintänä on RM, Región Metropolitana. Marcelo Ríos became the first Latin American man to reach the number one spot in the ATP singles rankings in 1998. Geografii. Maan keskiosan laakson ilmasto muistuttaa välimerenilmastoa, joten se on ihanteellinen hedelmien ja viininviljelyyn. Chile actively participated in Operation Condor. [146], The Spanish spoken in Chile is distinctively accented and quite unlike that of neighboring South American countries because final syllables are often dropped, and some consonants have a soft pronunciation. In a plebiscite on 5 October 1988, Pinochet was denied a second eight-year term as president (56% against 44%). Liikemies Sebastián Piñeran valinta presidentiksi 2010 päätti vasemmiston valtakauden, joka oli kestänyt Pinochetin jälkeen kaksikymmentä vuotta. [51], Merkittävä osa chileläisistä, noin 88,9 %, on eurooppalaisten jälkeläisiä. In 1808, Napoleon's enthronement of his brother Joseph as the Spanish King precipitated the drive by the colony for independence from Spain. [112] In 2015 another study established genetic composition in 57% European, 38% Native American, and 2.5% African. [38], Tiestön selkärangan muodostaa Pan-Amerikan valtatie, joka yhdistää Arican Puerto Monttiin. Viileä Humboldtin merivirta vaikuttaa Chilessä ilmastoa viilentävästi. [96] Maa itsenäistyi vuonna 1818. Welche Highlights und Attraktionen dürfen Sie beim Urlaub in Chile auf keinen Fall versäumen? Chile on pohjois-eteläsuunnassa 4 270 kilometriä pitkä, mutta leveydeltään itä-länsisuunnassa keskimäärin vain 177 kilometriä, siis hyvin pitkä ja kapea maa.